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Explore how activity-location monitoring can enhance your research program.

activity-location endpoints

Combining activity and location derives objective, continuous measures of some of the behaviours and functions that most impact the daily lives of patients. These can be applied in a variety of clinical applications.

Like  other wearable devices, we can estimate sleep and activity levels but by using the data from the bracelet and beacons together, we can gain further insights on aspects of patients lives that matter to them.

A chart illustrating sleep and activity patterns, including location from beacon RSSI. Illustrations show how this is interpreted as behaviors.

Derived Endpoints

3 simplified drawings of a person sleeping in bed, either alone or with a partner, one drawing shows sleep during the day. Endpoint: sleep quality, fatigue, social isolation.

  • Time in bed vs time asleep

  • Daytime sleep in bedroom

  • In bed alone / accompanied

  • Fatigue

  • Social withdrawl during day

  • Sleep disruption concordance

  • Nocturia

  • Management of personal hygiene

  • Loss of independence

3 simplified drawing of a person in the bathroom, one showering, one in the bath and one illustrating a night-time visit to the bathroom. Endpoint: nocturia, activities of daily living.

  • Night-time trips to bathroom

  • Time / Activity in bathroom

  • In bathroom alone / accompanied

  • Management of meal preparation

  • Loss of independence

2 simplified drawings of a person cooking in the kitchen and one of two people eating together. Endpoint: Activities of daily living, independence, social engagement.

  • Time / Activity in kitchen

  • In kitchen alone / accompanied

  • Social Engagement

3 simplified drawings of someone in the living room, one alone reading, one alone watching TV and one with a partner. Endpoint: Social engagement.

  • Time / Activity in social areas

  • Time out of bedroom

  • In social areas alone / accompanied

  • Change in daily routine

  • Social engagement / isolation

3 simplified drawings of someone outside of their house, one with a partner, one walking their dog and one running. Endpoint: Activities out of home, independence.

  • Time / Activity out of doors

  • Outdoors alone / accompanied

A four-panel simplified drawing showing a person's morning routine: waking up in bed, taking a shower, getting dressed, walking down stairs. Endpoint: Activities of daily living, consistency of morning routine.

  • Daily, sequential room transitions and activity

  • Rate and sequence of room transitions and activity

  • Morning routine

  • Other activity sequences

  • Night time wandering

  • Purposeless ambulation

Clinical Applications

Here are some examples of how our endpoints can be applied in various clinical conditions

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Daily Living Activities:

      • In kitchen -meal preparation

      • In bathroom -personal hygiene

    • Wandering Detection:

      • Identify night-time wandering

      • Purposeless ambulation

    • Routine Maintenance: Detect change in daily routines that may indicate cognitive decline

    • Safety Monitoring: Alert to unsafe behaviors like prolonged nighttime activity outside the bedroom

    Clinical Value: Early detection of functional decline, objective ADL assessment, caregiver support, safety management

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Behavioral Activation: Measure time spent in social spaces vs. isolation in bedroom

    • Activity Patterns: Track movement levels and engagement with home environment

    • Routine Structure: Monitor consistency of daily activities and sleep-wake patterns

    • Social Engagement: Assess interaction patterns when study partners are involved

    Clinical Value: Objective depression severity tracking, treatment response monitoring, relapse early warning, behavioral therapy support

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Mobility Assessment: Track step count across different home environments

    • Functional Independence: Monitor ability to navigate home and complete daily tasks alone

    • Sleep Disorders: Detect nighttime movement abnormalities and sleep disruption

    • Rehabilitation Progress: Measure recovery through progressive return to normal activity patterns

    Clinical Value: Disease progression tracking, medication efficacy assessment, rehabilitation outcomes

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Activity Tolerance: Track physical capacity through step counts and room transitions/time out of home

    • Environmental Triggers: Correlate activity changes with air quality, temperature, and humidity

    • Symptom Burden: Detect reduced mobility indicating exacerbations

    • Nocturia Patterns: Monitor nighttime bathroom visits as indicator of disease severity

    Clinical Value: Exacerbation prediction, treatment optimization, hospital readmission prevention, quality of life assessment

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Recovery Tracking: Measure progressive increase in activity and home accessibility

    • Therapy Compliance: Monitor adherence to prescribed activity levels

    • Functional Milestones: Track return to pre-event activity patterns

    • Setback Detection: Identify regression in recovery trajectory

    Clinical Value: Personalized rehabilitation, remote monitoring, readmission prevention, outcome optimization

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Sleep-Wake Patterns: Track bedroom activity, movement cessation, and sleep timing

    • Nighttime Behaviors: Monitor bathroom visits, wandering, and sleep fragmentation

    • Environmental Factors: Correlate sleep quality with bedroom conditions (light, temperature, noise)

    • Circadian Stability: Assess consistency of daily activity rhythms

    Clinical Value: Insomnia assessment, circadian disorder diagnosis, treatment efficacy monitoring

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Daily Activity Volume: Track total daily step count, movement intensity, and active vs. sedentary time to quantify real-world physical activity beyond structured exercise

    • Behavioural Change Patterns: Monitor shifts in home-based activity routines — kitchen engagement, reduced sedentary time, increased purposeful movement — as markers of lifestyle change

    • Appetite and Mealtime Behaviours: Detect changes in frequency and duration of kitchen activity as a proxy for altered eating patterns and meal regularity

    • Sleep Quality: Assess improvements in sleep duration and consistency as increased activity influences circadian rhythm and sleep architecture

    • Environmental Engagement: Track whether participants spend more time in active home spaces (less bedroom confinement) as energy levels and motivation improve

    Clinical Value: Objective efficacy assessment for physical activity endpoint for obesity and metabolic disease studies, real-world adherence monitoring for lifestyle interventions, detection of treatment-related behavioural side effects (e.g., reduced activity due to nausea or fatigue), and long-term maintenance monitoring post-intervention.

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Home Mobility: Track ability to access all areas of home safely

    • Task Completion: Monitor time required for activities of daily living

    • Independence Metrics: Assess self-care capabilities and need for assistance

    • Decline Detection: Identify gradual reduction in home navigation and activity

    Clinical Value: Aging-in-place support, early intervention triggers, care planning, fall prevention

  • Monitoring Capabilities:

    • Caregiver Sleep Disruption: Nighttime activity of caregiver in response to patient wandering, nocturia, or agitation

    • Loss of Independent Time: Monitor periods where caregiver and patient are consistently co-located, identifying reduction in caregiver respite and personal time

    • Physical Activity and Fatigue: Track caregiver step count and activity patterns over time as indicators of physical depletion and reduced self-care

    • Routine Disruption: Identify erosion of the caregiver's own daily structure — irregular mealtimes, reduced social space engagement — as disease burden increases

    • Responsive Behaviour Patterns: Measure frequency and timing of caregiver responses to patient movements as a marker of supervisory load

    Clinical Value: Objective caregiver burden assessment, caregiver health monitoring in dementia and neurological disease trials, dyadic endpoint development for interventions targeting both patient and carer, respite care planning and intervention timing, and early identification of caregiver breakdown risk

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